382 research outputs found
Exploring Artistic Visualization of Physiological Signals for Mindfulness and Relaxation: A Pilot Study
Mindfulness and relaxation techniques for mental health are increasingly
being explored in the human-computer interaction community. Physiological
signals and their visualization have often been exploited together in a form of
biofeedback with other intervention methods. Here, we aim to contribute to the
body of existing work on biofeedback interfaces for mindfulness, with a
particular focus on incorporating artistic effects into physiological signal
visualization. With an implemented artistic biofeedback interface, we conduct a
pilot study where 10 participants attend stress-induction sessions followed by
two biofeedback mindfulness sessions: classic biofeedback and artistic
visualization. The result demonstrates that artistic visualization-driven
biofeedback significantly improves the effectiveness of biofeedback in helping
users feel relaxed in comparison with a classic graphical form of biofeedback.
Also, it shows that the artistic effect makes it easy to understand what
biofeedback represents. Future work includes exploring how advanced
physiological computing methods can improve its efficiency and performance
Nanoscale Au-ZnO heterostructure developed by atomic layer deposition towards amperometric H2O2 detection
Nanoscale Au-ZnO heterostructures were fabricated on 4-in. SiO2/Si wafers by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. Developed Au-ZnO heterostructures after post-deposition annealing at 250 degrees C were tested for amperometric hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection. The surface morphology and nanostructure of Au-ZnO heterostructures were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. Additionally, the electrochemical behavior of Au-ZnO heterostructures towards H2O2 sensing under various conditions is assessed by chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that ALD-fabricated Au-ZnO heterostructures exhibited one of the highest sensitivities of 0.53 mu A mu M(-1)cm(-2), the widest linear H2O2 detection range of 1.0 mu M-120mM, a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.78 mu M, excellent selectivity under the normal operation conditions, and great long-term stability. Utilization of the ALD deposition method opens up a unique opportunity for the improvement of the various capabilities of the devices based on Au-ZnO heterostructures for amperometric detection of different chemicals
DAD vision: opto-electronic co-designed computer vision with division adjoint method
The miniaturization and mobility of computer vision systems are limited by
the heavy computational burden and the size of optical lenses. Here, we propose
to use a ultra-thin diffractive optical element to implement passive optical
convolution. A division adjoint opto-electronic co-design method is also
proposed. In our simulation experiments, the first few convolutional layers of
the neural network can be replaced by optical convolution in a classification
task on the CIFAR-10 dataset with no power consumption, while similar
performance can be obtained
Arena: A General Evaluation Platform and Building Toolkit for Multi-Agent Intelligence
Learning agents that are not only capable of taking tests, but also
innovating is becoming a hot topic in AI. One of the most promising paths
towards this vision is multi-agent learning, where agents act as the
environment for each other, and improving each agent means proposing new
problems for others. However, existing evaluation platforms are either not
compatible with multi-agent settings, or limited to a specific game. That is,
there is not yet a general evaluation platform for research on multi-agent
intelligence. To this end, we introduce Arena, a general evaluation platform
for multi-agent intelligence with 35 games of diverse logics and
representations. Furthermore, multi-agent intelligence is still at the stage
where many problems remain unexplored. Therefore, we provide a building toolkit
for researchers to easily invent and build novel multi-agent problems from the
provided game set based on a GUI-configurable social tree and five basic
multi-agent reward schemes. Finally, we provide Python implementations of five
state-of-the-art deep multi-agent reinforcement learning baselines. Along with
the baseline implementations, we release a set of 100 best agents/teams that we
can train with different training schemes for each game, as the base for
evaluating agents with population performance. As such, the research community
can perform comparisons under a stable and uniform standard. All the
implementations and accompanied tutorials have been open-sourced for the
community at https://sites.google.com/view/arena-unity/
Machine Unlearning: Solutions and Challenges
Machine learning models may inadvertently memorize sensitive, unauthorized,
or malicious data, posing risks of privacy violations, security breaches, and
performance deterioration. To address these issues, machine unlearning has
emerged as a critical technique to selectively remove specific training data
points' influence on trained models. This paper provides a comprehensive
taxonomy and analysis of machine unlearning research. We categorize existing
research into exact unlearning that algorithmically removes data influence
entirely and approximate unlearning that efficiently minimizes influence
through limited parameter updates. By reviewing the state-of-the-art solutions,
we critically discuss their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we propose
future directions to advance machine unlearning and establish it as an
essential capability for trustworthy and adaptive machine learning. This paper
provides researchers with a roadmap of open problems, encouraging impactful
contributions to address real-world needs for selective data removal
Devil in the Number: Towards Robust Multi-modality Data Filter
In order to appropriately filter multi-modality data sets on a web-scale, it
becomes crucial to employ suitable filtering methods to boost performance and
reduce training costs. For instance, LAION papers employs the CLIP score filter
to select data with CLIP scores surpassing a certain threshold. On the other
hand, T-MARS achieves high-quality data filtering by detecting and masking text
within images and then filtering by CLIP score. Through analyzing the dataset,
we observe a significant proportion of redundant information, such as numbers,
present in the textual content. Our experiments on a subset of the data unveil
the profound impact of these redundant elements on the CLIP scores. A logical
approach would involve reevaluating the CLIP scores after eliminating these
influences. Experimentally, our text-based CLIP filter outperforms the
top-ranked method on the ``small scale" of DataComp (a data filtering
benchmark) on ImageNet distribution shifts, achieving a 3.6% performance
improvement. The results also demonstrate that our proposed text-masked filter
outperforms the original CLIP score filter when selecting the top 40% of the
data. The impact of numbers on CLIP and their handling provide valuable
insights for improving the effectiveness of CLIP training, including language
rewrite techniques.Comment: ICCV 2023 Workshop: TNGCV-DataCom
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